Histoplasmosis is endemic to the Midwestern United States but cases have been reported nearly worldwide. positivity had cryptococcal meningitis. IgG was detected at low levels in persons with HIV/AIDS in Kampala Uganda. Histoplasmosis is not widespread in Uganda but micro-foci do exist. There appears to be no cross-reactivity between and antigen screening and cryptococcosis appears to be at most a rare cause of positive Histoplasma IgG. var. occurs only in sub-Saharan Africa. The Verbascoside understanding of global distribution of disease due to is incomplete.1 Cases of histoplasmosis have been reported in Uganda notably a recent focal outbreak was reported among a group of international biology students who traveled to a Ugandan rainforest to conduct a field study.3 Although histoplasmosis occurs in Uganda the overall risk is not well understood. In 1970 a study of skin sensitivity to histoplasmin including a total of 1 1 144 subjects and roughly equivalent proportions of adults and children was conducted in six regions of Uganda.4 Skin test positivity to Histoplasmin was noted in 3.8% of persons (95% confidence interval Verbascoside (CI) 2.8 with positivity varying by region from 0 to 12% and the highest prevalence around the Nile River near Lake Victoria.4 In the capital Kampala 5 of 148 (3.3%) persons tested were sensitive by skin test.4 This study was carried out prior to the widespread acknowledgement of human immunodeficiency computer virus (HIV). Disseminated contamination is frequently diagnosed with urine or serum antigen detection; however cross-reactivity with other mycoses does limit certainty to some degree.5-7 Positive results for both and cryptococcal antigen occasionally are observed in clinical practice raising the question whether the polysaccharide antigens detected in these infections are cross-reactive. In one study by Zhuang and colleagues 29 serum samples from subjects with known histoplasmosis and 25 serum samples from subjects with known cryptococcosis were tested by EIA for antigen (MiraVista Diagnostics Indianapolis IN USA) and latex agglutination (Meridian biosciences Cincinnati) for cryptococcal antigen.8 Samples from persons with histoplasmosis did not cross-react with cryptococcal screening and samples from subjects with cryptococcosis did not cross-react with screening for histoplasmosis. While skin testing has traditionally been used to measure exposure to histoplasmosis4 histoplasmin skin material is no longer available. As a result immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody screening may be a way to Zfp264 assess exposure.9 The specificity of the MiraVista EIA used to detect response to histoplasmosis in this study has been shown to be 95% in patients from an endemic area with non-fungal infections and healthy subjects from non-endemic and endemic areas.10 Further information on prevalence in Uganda would be useful to evaluate potential risk for persons living with AIDS.11 In this study we quantify seropositivity for histoplasmosis among persons in Kampala Ugandan with advanced HIV/AIDS and use antigen detection to attempt to identify undiagnosed histoplasmosis. A secondary objective was to determine if cross-reaction occurred between glucoxylomannan polysacrhide detected in the cryptococcal lateral circulation antigen assay (LFA) or latex agglutination assay (IMMY Inc. Norman Okay USA) and the galactomannan detected in the MiraVista EIA system.8 It would not be expected that a person with histoplasmosis would cause a false positive in cryptococcal antigen screening. Methods HIV-infected persons were prospectively enrolled at the Infectious Disease Institute and at Mulago National Verbascoside Referral Hospital in Kampala Uganda. From May 2006 until December 2013 HIV-infected persons with CD4<200 cells/IgG and immunoglobulin M (IgM) using serum; and antigen using serum CSF and urine.10 17 The antibody EIA was presented at the American Society for Microbiology General Meeting in 2014.10 The EIA system used microplates Verbascoside coated with 100 ul of proprietary MVista? antigen prepared from a medical isolate of EIA positivity was compared to known cryptococcal meningitis status to assess for cross-reactivity. In addition antigen detection rate of recurrence was determined for serum CSF and urine and again.