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Dopamine D5 Receptors

Statistically significant differences, determined by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukeys test, are as follows: *, 0

Statistically significant differences, determined by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukeys test, are as follows: *, 0.05; **, 0.01; ***, 0.005. of PKC so that membranes could be utilized for multiple antibodies (as explained in Materials and Methods). 5 independently-prepared protein extracts from control frogs (left) and 5 independently-prepared protein extracts Necrosulfonamide from frozen frogs (right) were electrophoresed, transferred, immunoblotted, and uncovered in parallel. peerj-02-558-s005.png (513K) DOI:?10.7717/peerj.558/supp-5 Supplemental Information 6: Common immunoblotting pattern KSHV K8 alpha antibody for the phospho-PKC(Thr410/403) antibody A full blot Necrosulfonamide is presented here for kidney, but in other instances PVDF membranes were typically cut at the approximate molecular weight of PKC so that membranes could be utilized for multiple antibodies (as described in Materials and Methods). 5 independently-prepared protein extracts from control frogs (left) and 5 independently-prepared protein extracts from frozen frogs (right) were electrophoresed, transferred, immunoblotted, and uncovered in parallel. peerj-02-558-s006.png (421K) DOI:?10.7717/peerj.558/supp-6 Supplemental Information 7: Common immunoblotting pattern for the phospho-PKD/PKC(Ser744/748) antibody A full blot is usually presented here for liver, but in other instances PVDF membranes were typically cut at the approximate molecular excess weight of PKC so that membranes could be utilized for multiple antibodies (as described in Materials and Methods). 5 independently-prepared protein extracts from control frogs (left) and 5 independently-prepared protein extracts from frozen frogs (right) were electrophoresed, transferred, immunoblotted, and uncovered in parallel. peerj-02-558-s007.png (424K) DOI:?10.7717/peerj.558/supp-7 Necrosulfonamide Supplemental Information 8: Common immunoblotting pattern for the phospho-PKD/PKC(Ser916) antibody A full blot is usually presented here for liver, but in other instances PVDF membranes were typically cut at the approximate molecular weight of PKC so that membranes could be utilized for multiple antibodies (as described in Materials and Methods). 5 independently-prepared protein extracts from control frogs (left) and 5 independently-prepared protein extracts from frozen frogs (right) were electrophoresed, transferred, immunoblotted, and uncovered in parallel. peerj-02-558-s008.png (416K) DOI:?10.7717/peerj.558/supp-8 Supplemental Information 9: Common immunoblotting pattern for the PKD/PKCantibody A full blot is presented here for Necrosulfonamide liver, but in other instances PVDF membranes were typically cut at the approximate molecular weight of PKC so that membranes could be utilized for multiple antibodies (as described in Materials and Methods). 5 independently-prepared protein extracts from control frogs (left) and 5 independently-prepared protein extracts from frozen frogs (right) were electrophoresed, transferred, immunoblotted, and uncovered Necrosulfonamide in parallel. peerj-02-558-s009.png (473K) DOI:?10.7717/peerj.558/supp-9 Abstract The wood frog, (Thr505), and phospho-PKC(Thr538) antibodies; all other isozymes/phosphorylation sites detected in brain remained unchanged from control to frozen frogs. The results of this study indicate a potential important role for PKC in cerebral protection during solid wood frog freezing. Our findings also call for a reassessment of the previously-inferred importance of PKC in other tissues, particularly in liver; a more thorough investigation is required to determine whether PKC activity in this physiological situation is indeed dependent on phosphorylation, or whether it deviates from your generally-accepted model and can be overridden by exceedingly high levels of second messengers, as has been demonstrated with certain PKC isozymes (e.g., PKC(examined in Storey & Storey, 1996). Each winter, this anuran endures whole-body freezing; approximately 65C70% of extracellular and extra-organ water freezes in the form of nucleated ice, via the actions of ice-nucleating proteins or ice-structuring proteins. During this time, cerebral and cardiovascular activities are undetectable by standard means. Intracellular freezing and any producing irreparable damage to cellular contents is prevented by natural cryoprotection; liver glycogen stores undergo considerable hydrolysis (causing a decrease in liver mass by approximately 45%), and glucose is usually exported and systemically distributed, accumulating in some tissues at levels up to 40C60 occasions higher than euglycemic levels (Storey & Storey, 1985; Costanzo, Lee & Lortz, 1993). Such a broad reorganization requires numerous modulations at several levels of the signaling and metabolic hierarchy of glucose metabolism, including: (1) phosphorylation and sustained activation of liver glycogen phosphorylase.